Nutrition for pancreatitis: we figure out what you can eat and what is impossible

Inflammation of the pancreas, or pancreatitis, is a serious disease that can significantly reduce the quality of human life.

It can be caused by many different reasons and proceed in different forms, but in all cases, pancreatitis causes problems with the production of digestive enzymes, which means that the function of digesting food and the absorption of nutrients and the absorption of nutrients.

Doctors have developed a special treatment regimen for this disease, an important place in which it takes proper nutrition.

Basic power rules for pancreatitis

The pancreas is one of the main participants in the digestive process.The enzymes developed by her actively split food, contributing to the speedy and more complete assimilation.Healthy iron easily copes with this task, producing the right amount of pancreatic enzymes (enzymes).But in case of inflammation, too fat or heavy food causes an excessively larger load on the organ, even more worsening its condition.

In case of pancreatitis in any form, you should adhere to not only strict rules in the choice of products that we will talk about below, but also special food principles designed specifically in order to help the pancreas easier to cope with its main function.

• Firstly, you should adhere to the rules of fractional nutrition, that is, to eat often, five to six times a day in small portions-up to 300 g.
• Secondly, a chemical sparing of the pancreas and other digestive organs is necessarily chemical.For this, everything that can cause their irritation and provoke too active production of enzymes is excluded from the diet.Most products are boiled or baked.
• Thirdly, it is necessary to mechanical sparing of the gastrointestinal tract, that is, eating dishes in chopped or even wiped form (for acute pancreatitis or exacerbation of the chronic form of the disease).

Important!

Too long -term use of wiped dishes can also lead to inhibition of appetite and weight loss, so when removing the exacerbation and improving the patient's condition is transferred as soon as possible to a waterproof version of the diet.

• Fourth, the diet should contain up to 60% of the animal protein, that is, about 200 grams daily.
• Fifthly, the amount of fats up to 50 g per day is limited with their uniform distribution of meals during the day.Fat is allowed to be used only for cooking, as an independent dish, they are prohibited.For example, a sandwich with butter will have to be abandoned, since the excessive fat load with a high probability will provoke an exacerbation of the disease and worsen its course.
• Sixth, the amount of sugar and sugar-containing foods of up to 30–40 g per day should be limited, while carbohydrate content should remain ordinary, up to 350 g per day.It is allowed to replace sugar with xylitol or other sugar -substitutes.
• In-seven, the use of products that cause increased gas formation (flatulence) is excluded.
• Vosmys, salt consumption is limited.The permitted norm is three to five grams of day.

About which products are allowed with inflammation of the pancreas, and which are strictly prohibited, we will tell you below.

What can be eaten with pancreatitis depending on the forms of the disease

In chronic pancreatitis, at the stage of persistent remission, the patient should eat in accordance with the basic requirements, but the food does not have to be chopped or wiped.The purpose of the diet in chronic pancreatitis is to ensure a good nutrition, a decrease in the inflammatory process in the pancreas, and the restoration of its functions.

Fried dishes, products that contribute to fermentation in the intestines and rich in essential oils are excluded from the diet, as well as all irritating mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract seasonings and spices, extractive substances.For example, the meat contains extractive substances that are divided into nitrogenous and nonsense.One kilogram of meat contains an average of 3.5 g of nitrogenous extractive substances.Most nitrogenous extractive substances in pork: their total content reaches 6.5 g in one kilogram of muscle tissue.The smallest amount of extractive substances is observed in lamb - 2.5 g per kilogram of muscles.In this regard, in cases where it is necessary to limit extractive substances, low -fat lamb may be recommended.

Nitrogenous extractive substances are carnosine, creatine, assernive, purine bases (hypoxantin), etc. The main value of extractive substances is their taste properties and stimulating effects on the secretion of digestive glands.

Forgive extractive substances - glycogen, glucose, lactic acid - are found in meat in an amount of about 1%.In their activity, they are significantly inferior to nitrogenous extractive substances.

Adult animals meat are richer than extractive substances and has a more pronounced taste than the meat of young animals.This explains the fact that strong broths can only be obtained from adult animals.The extractive substances of meat are energetic pathogens of the secretion of the gastric glands, and therefore strong broths and fried meat are most excited by the separation of digestive juices.The boiled meat does not possess this property, and therefore it is widely used in a dietary, chemically sparing diet, for gastritis, ulcerative disease, liver diseases and other diseases of the digestive organs.

The dishes are steamed or baked.This type of power is usually recommended for a long time to give the pancreas the ability to recover.The list of products allowed for chronic pancreatitis is quite wide, so the patient has the opportunity to eat not only right, but also tasty.

Therapeutic nutrition in the acute form of pancreatitis and with exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis is almost the same.On the first day of the disease, it is included in the emergency system with an attack and is aimed at reducing pain and pancreatic activity.The traditional formula - “cold, hunger and peace” - perfectly reflects the principles of treatment of acute pancreatitis and exacerbation of a chronic form.

To create a pancreas, the patient’s functional gland is provided with the necessary nutrients (usually amino acids and vitamins) using the so -called parenteral nutrition, that is, by intravenous infusion (administration), bypassing the gastrointestinal tract.In some cases, if the patient does not have vomiting and signs of gastrostasis, that is, a slowdown in the activity of the stomach, it is allowed to drink alkaline mineral water or weak tea, about 1.5 liters per day.On approximately the second or third day, the patient is gradually transferred to limited enteric diet, and then to a full -fledged.

Therapeutic nutrition in acute pancreatitis and exacerbation of the chronic form differs a number of features.First of all, it is necessary to introduce the right amount of proteins into the patient as soon as possible, since they are necessary for the synthesis of enzymes inhibitors that suppress the production of the latter pancreas.To reduce the load on the organ, special mixtures for enteric nutrition are sometimes used through the probe or tube.About two weeks later, the patient is allowed to be an expanded diet with chemical and mechanical sparing of organs.

Patients during this period recommend various types of mucous soups on decoctions of cereals or vegetable broths, chopped steam dishes from low -fat meat and fish, steam protein omelets, vegetable and fruit puree, freshly prepared cottage cheese, somewhat tea, rosehip broth, compotes, jelly.Salt for cooking dishes is not used.

Therapeutic diet "Table No. 5 P": List of products

When diagnosing pancreatitis, the patient, along with drug treatment, receives a recommendation for therapeutic nutrition.Especially for patients with pancreatitis, a special version of diet No. 5 recommended for diseases of the liver and gall bladder was developed - diet No. 5 p.

There are two options for this diet.The first is indicated for acute pancreatitis and exacerbation of the chronic, it is prescribed after fasting for about a week.The calorie content of the diet is 2170–2480 kcal.

The second option, prescribed for chronic pancreatitis in the remission stage, is characterized by a high content of proteins, the daily diet with this diet should have an energy value of about 2440–2680 kcal.

Approximate menu for one day according to diet No. 5 P (second option):

• Breakfast: oatmeal porridge on the water, cottage cheese souffle, carrot juice;
• Second breakfast: baked apple;
• Lunch: zucchini and carrots, beef roll with pumpkin puree, berry jacket;
• afternoon snack: non -accurate cookies, weak tea;
• Dinner: pike perch cutlets with cauliflower, compote.

The list of products allowed by diet No. 5 P is as follows:

1. Porridge and cereals: semolina, oatmeal, buckwheat nucleus, rice prepared on the water.
2. Dairy products: cottage cheese 1% fat, yogurt and kefir with low fat content, low -fat varieties of cheeses.
3. Soups: mucous membranes on decoctions of cereals, vegetable soups, soups based on secondary meat broths, soups-puree.
4. Meat and fish: chicken (breast), rabbit, low -fat beef, turkey, cod, hack, till, pike, pike perch, flounder and other low -fat varieties, boiled or steamed in the form of tags, cutlets, meatballs, rolls.
5. Vegetables and fruits: zucchini, potatoes, broccoli cabbage, colored cabbage, carrots, tomatoes (with caution), cucumbers, pumpkin, sweet apples and pears (preferably baked form), dried fruits.Boil vegetables, sometimes wiped.
6. Sauses: emergency white sauces like Behamel, on a vegetable decoction, fruit-berry.
7. Sweet: fruit and berry jelly, mousses, jelly, marshmallows (in small quantities), honey, pastille, some varieties of non -accurate cookies.
8. Other products: butter and vegetable oil for cooking, chicken eggs (proteins), wheat bread yesterday.
9. Drinks: juices - carrot, pumpkin, apricot, rosewood, mineral water, weak tea.

The expansion of the diet with improving well -being is allowed to be carried out only within the list of permitted dishes, without violating the cooking technology and not exceeding the recommended volume.

Products prohibited during inflammation of the pancreas

Diet No. 5 P is strictly prohibited from eating the following products:

1. Porridge and cereals: peas, beans, barley and corn cereal.
2. Dairy products: milk, sour cream, cream with increased fat content, hard cheeses, fat cottage cheese.
3. Soups: Based on strong meat and fish broths, as well as with overfected vegetables as a gas station: borsch, pier, cabbage soup, ear.
4. Meat and fish: fat varieties of fish - salmon, trout, salmon caviar, smoked and salty fish, canned fish, fat pork and beef, sausages, smoked meats, goose, duck, canned meat.
5. Vegetables and fruits: all vegetable and fruit canned food, white cabbage, onions, radishes, eggplant, bell pepper.
6. Sauses: ketchup, adjika, mustard and all acute sauces.
7. Sweet: chocolate, ice cream, sand dough, confectionery creams.
8. Other products: animal fats, rye bread and any sdoba, mushrooms in any form.
9. Drinks: juices - orange, grape, cherry, tomato, carbonated drinks, any alcohol, strong tea and coffee.

A violation of the diet can provoke an attack even if the patient's condition was stable for a long time.

The importance of enzymes when digesting food

Digging of food in the body goes with the participation of enzymes of several types produced by the stomach, pancreas and small intestines.Each of the enzymes is responsible for the splitting of certain components of food.In this case, enzymes are produced, splitting:

• Proteins - proteases (thripsin, chiriperipsin);
• nucleic acids - nucleases;
• fats - lipases (steapsin);
• Carbohydrates are amylase.

In case of inflammation of the pancreas occurs, its ability to synthesize enzymes is significantly reduced, enzymatic deficiency occurs.This condition is manifested by a violation of the digestive functions of the body and the absorption of nutrients to them, a number of unpleasant symptoms, such as liquid abundant stools, dehydration of the body, symptoms of vitamin deficiency and anemia.The body weight may drop sharply, often heartburn, nausea, vomiting, flatulence occurs.Prolonged enzyme deficiency is very dangerous, since without proper treatment it leads to a complete depletion of the body.

So, proper nutrition, combined with enzyme therapy aimed at replenishing the lack of ezims, is quite capable of reducing unpleasant manifestations of pancreatitis and enzyme failure.The most important thing is to clearly fulfill all the appointments of the attending physician, avoiding amateur performances.